Economic and Commercial Law Researches

Peer Review Process

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us

Licensing Policy

Open Access Statement

Copyright Policy

Plagiarism policy

Self-archiving policies for authors

Keyword Index
A
  • Abandoning vaccination Civil Liability of the State for Abandoning People’s Vaccination against Corona Virus (Comparative Study of [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 131-157]
  • Abuse Study of the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's triple prohibitions; With a comparative look at Iran's legal system [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 51-86]
  • Accountability Legal Challenges in Implementing the Public-Private-People Partnership Model with an Emphasis on the Role of People [(Articles in Press)]
  • Admissibility of Claims The Application of the Articles on State Responsibility and the Emergence of a Subsystem of Responsibility in Investor–State Treaty Arbitration: Rethinking Admissibility of Claims [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 157-185]
  • Ahl-e- Kitab Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • Airline Conclusion the Codeshare Agreement for Airlines to Access Airports without Slot with an Emphasis on Applicable Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Airplane Conclusion the Codeshare Agreement for Airlines to Access Airports without Slot with an Emphasis on Applicable Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Airport Slot Conclusion the Codeshare Agreement for Airlines to Access Airports without Slot with an Emphasis on Applicable Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Algorithm Evolution to Ex-ante Competition Law A Reflection on the New Rules for Dealing with Anti-Competitive Practices in Digital Platforms [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 255-289]
  • Algorithmic Arbitration Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Amazon Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Amendment of statement of claim Streamlining Civil Litigation and Reducing the Costs of Litigation through Allowing the Amendment of Statements of Claim in Certain Improperly Brought Actions and Strengthening Measures against Vexatious Claims: A Comparative Study of the Civil Procedure Rules of Iran and England [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 11-29]
  • Amendment to a contract The Analysis of Validity of Supplementary Conditions (addendum) to the Contract, in Iranian Law and Imāmiyya Fiqh [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 107-137]
  • American Law Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Annual Index The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
  • Arbitral Panel The Arbitral Panel's Approach to Countering Instances of Economic Corruption in International Commercial Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 41-70]
  • Architecture Criminal Law Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Architectural and Engineering Works in Iranian law [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 11-40]
  • Article of Association of the Regulator Institution Efficient Productivity of Iran's Natural Gas Regarding Gas Consumption Optimization Policy and Establishment of the Sector Regulatory Institution " [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 161-187]
  • Artificial intelligence" The Challenges Facing the Human-Centered Copyright Regime with the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 11-40]
  • Artificial Intelligence Legal status of Transactions Done by Artificial Intelligence: Virtual Lawyer Theory [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 41-68]
  • Artificial Intelligence The Digital Revolution in International Commercial Arbitration: Investigating Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 153-191]
  • Artificial Intelligence Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Artificial Intelligence Evolution to Ex-ante Competition Law A Reflection on the New Rules for Dealing with Anti-Competitive Practices in Digital Platforms [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 255-289]
  • Artificial Intelligence Arbitrator The Digital Revolution in International Commercial Arbitration: Investigating Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 153-191]
  • Artificial Intelligence Output" The Challenges Facing the Human-Centered Copyright Regime with the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 11-40]
  • Assignment of contractual claims A Critical Legal Analysis of the Central Bank of Iran's Guideline and Procedure for the Acceptance of Contractual Claims (Factoring) [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 148-182]
  • Attribution The Application of the Articles on State Responsibility and the Emergence of a Subsystem of Responsibility in Investor–State Treaty Arbitration: Rethinking Admissibility of Claims [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 157-185]
  • Aukerman The Role of Laches, Equitable Estoppel and Statute of Limitations in Patent Infringement Litigation under U.S Law: Lessons for Iranian Law [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 288-294]
  • Average Annual Price Index The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
B
  • Bank Collateralization of Securities: Legal Analysis in the Iranian Banking System [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 115-141]
  • Bank Debtors Critique of the Exemption of Bankrupt Debtors from Paying Delayed Damages [(Articles in Press)]
  • Banking Regulation Theory of Banking Regulation based on Macroprudential Policy [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 97-124]
  • Banking Regulation Legal Challenges Facing Fintech Startups in Iran: A Study of the Approach of Leading Countries in the Field of Financial Technologies [(Articles in Press)]
  • Banking System A Critical Review of Central Bank Regulation over Banking Service Providers: Case Study of Iran Informatics Services Corporation, Shaparak, and the Iran Currency and Gold Exchange Center [(Articles in Press)]
  • Banking Violations Principles of Fair Hearing in Proceedings Concerning Violations by Regulated Persons Before the Disciplinary Boards of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 29-62]
  • Bankruptcy Critique of the Exemption of Bankrupt Debtors from Paying Delayed Damages [(Articles in Press)]
  • Behavioral Economics Status and Application of Behavioral Economics in Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 117-148]
  • Bilateral Investment Treaties The Arbitral Panel's Approach to Countering Instances of Economic Corruption in International Commercial Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 41-70]
  • Bilateral Investment Treaty Major Challenges in Applying Bilateral Investment Treaties to Compensate for Losses Caused by Extraterritorial Sanctions with Reference to the “Future Bank” Case [(Articles in Press)]
  • Bilateral Negotiations The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • Binding Contract Explaining the Nature and Attributes of the Commutative Partnership Contracts [(Articles in Press)]
  • BlockChain implementation of consumer protection on token offerings through the obligation to disclosure [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • BlockChain Smart Contracts' Arbitration: Legal Challenges of On-Chain and Off-Chain Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 87-116]
  • BlockChain Evaluation of Smart Contracts Dissolution due to Termination with Statutory Options [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 65-92]
  • BlockChain Institutional Efficiency of Crypto-Asset Exchanges Regulating in Iran: A Critique of the Central Bank-centric Model from a Law and Economics Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
  • Blockchain Bill of Lading Feasibility of Fulfilling the Function of a Document of Title in Blockchain Bills of Lading [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 75-104]
  • Blockchain technology A Legal Introduction to Crypto Tokens ICO Through Blockchain Technology [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 125-156]
  • Bounded Rationality Status and Application of Behavioral Economics in Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 117-148]
  • Breach of contract Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • Burden of Proof Legal Dimensions of the Threshold for Establishing and Proving Corruption in International Investment Arbitration Cases [(Articles in Press)]
  • Burdensome Disclosure of Documents in International Arbitration [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 169-196]
  • Business Company The theory of «Enlightened Shareholder Value» in commercial companies law [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 41-70]
C
  • Capital Adequacy Ratio Legal Requirements of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and the Central Bank Supervision in Protecting Depositors' Rights and Strengthening Public Confidence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 43-74]
  • Capital gains tax Taxation of Cryptocurrencies: A Comparative Study of Iran and Europe [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 171-202]
  • Capital Market" The Comparative Study of the Institutional Structure of Financial Market Regulation in Iran and Selected Countries with Look to the New Law of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 73-108]
  • Cartel building The Model of Criminal Policy in Facing Political-Economic Corruption of the Oligarchic System [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Causes of termination The legal causes and effects of termination in the Contracts for advertising in cyberspace [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 127-160]
  • Central Bank The Legal Nature of the Central Bank In Iran's Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Central Bank A Critical Review of Central Bank Regulation over Banking Service Providers: Case Study of Iran Informatics Services Corporation, Shaparak, and the Iran Currency and Gold Exchange Center [(Articles in Press)]
  • Central Bank The Supervision and Regulation System of Cryptocurrencies after the Approval of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act [(Articles in Press)]
  • Central Bank Law Principles of Fair Hearing in Proceedings Concerning Violations by Regulated Persons Before the Disciplinary Boards of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 29-62]
  • Central Bank legislation Depositing or Receiving Funds from an Account of a Person other than the party to the Transaction; an Instance of Money Laundering or Criminalization outside JurisdictionMoney laundering is a serious threat to a country's economic system, as it conceals the true source of assets derived from crime, disrupting financial transparency and causing economic instability. In this regard, depositing or receiving funds from third-party accounts in financial [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 133-156]
  • Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act The Supervision and Regulation System of Cryptocurrencies after the Approval of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act [(Articles in Press)]
  • Central Bank Supervision Legal Requirements of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and the Central Bank Supervision in Protecting Depositors' Rights and Strengthening Public Confidence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 43-74]
  • CEO' Analyzing Inherent Authority of the CEO in Joint-Stock Companies; Looking at French Law and Emphasizing Judicial Procedure [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 157-192]
  • China The Splendor of International Economic Law on the Three Tools of Trade War: A Reflection on the Confrontation between China and the United States [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 261-287]
  • CISG Comparative Study of Nachfrist in the CISG and the Legal Systems of Iran, England, and France [(Articles in Press)]
  • Civil Projects Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Clean Hands Doctrine Major Challenges in Applying Bilateral Investment Treaties to Compensate for Losses Caused by Extraterritorial Sanctions with Reference to the “Future Bank” Case [(Articles in Press)]
  • Codeshare Conclusion the Codeshare Agreement for Airlines to Access Airports without Slot with an Emphasis on Applicable Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Cognitive Bias Status and Application of Behavioral Economics in Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 117-148]
  • Collateralization Collateralization of Securities: Legal Analysis in the Iranian Banking System [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 115-141]
  • Collection of Economic Laws Supporting Constructive Victims in Economic Crimes [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 65-86]
  • Collective Negotiations The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • Collective Will Assessing the Efficiency of Collective Will Formation in Iranian Private Law: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 41-74]
  • Commercial Company An Analysis about the Basis of the Theory of Shareholders as Company’s Owners [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 39-64]
  • Commercial documents The essence of the unregistered cheque in the Sayyad system and the possibility of filing a lawsuit to require registration [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 193-216]
  • Commercial law The essence of the unregistered cheque in the Sayyad system and the possibility of filing a lawsuit to require registration [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 193-216]
  • Commercial law A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Commercial paper A Comparative Study of the Impact of Private Agreements on the Rights of the Holder of a Negotiable Instrument under Iranian Law, the Geneva Convention, and Common Law [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 233-266]
  • Communication Technology Principles Governing Electronic Civil Procedure and Its Challenges [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 137-161]
  • Commutative Partnership Contract Explaining the Nature and Attributes of the Commutative Partnership Contracts [(Articles in Press)]
  • Company owners An Analysis about the Basis of the Theory of Shareholders as Company’s Owners [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 39-64]
  • Comparative Competition Law parative Study of the Nature of the Reassuring Message of the Competition Council [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 131-168]
  • Comparative Evaluation Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Compensation Civil Liability of the State for Abandoning People’s Vaccination against Corona Virus (Comparative Study of [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 131-157]
  • Competition, Conflict of interests, Fiduciary duty, InterestsAnalysis of the Scope of Conflict of Interest between Director and Company in Commercial Company Law(A Comparative Study in Iranian and English Law) ) [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 63-90]
  • Competition Council The Impact of Government Intervention and the Monopoly on the Regulatory Performance of the Competition Council of Iran in the Car Production and Ride-Hailing Markets: A Legal-Economic Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 78-114]
  • Competition Council parative Study of the Nature of the Reassuring Message of the Competition Council [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 131-168]
  • Competition Law The Requirements of the Digital Marketplaces’ Agreements with Business Users from the Perspective of Inter-Platform Competition Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 95-125]
  • Competition Law Evolution to Ex-ante Competition Law A Reflection on the New Rules for Dealing with Anti-Competitive Practices in Digital Platforms [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 255-289]
  • Competition Law Conclusion the Codeshare Agreement for Airlines to Access Airports without Slot with an Emphasis on Applicable Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Competition Law Comparative study on the methods of protection of the right to repair [(Articles in Press)]
  • Competitive Advantage Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Compliance Assessment Model Designing and Formulating a legal Shariah Compliance Assessment Model in Islamic Banking; A Systemic Approach to Analyzing Structural-Operational Gaps [(Articles in Press)]
  • Conflict-of-Interest Management Governance Gap in Iran's Banking System: A Critical Analysis of Banking Regulations from the Perspective of Transparency and Conflict-of-Interest Management [(Articles in Press)]
  • Conflict of Laws Identifying the Conflict of Laws Rules on the Governing Law of International Insurance Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 103-130]
  • Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Study of the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's triple prohibitions; With a comparative look at Iran's legal system [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 51-86]
  • Consumer law Comparative study on the methods of protection of the right to repair [(Articles in Press)]
  • Consumer Protection implementation of consumer protection on token offerings through the obligation to disclosure [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • Consumer Protection Comparative Study of Unfair Terms in Banking Contracts in Iran and the European Union from the Perspective of Consumer Protection Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Consumer Protection A Comparative Analysis of "Planned Obsolescence" as an Unfair Commercial ‎Practice: Subject Lessons for Iran's Legal System [(Articles in Press)]
  • Consumer Protection Act Study of the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's triple prohibitions; With a comparative look at Iran's legal system [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 51-86]
  • Contractual Stipulations Conflicting Transactions with Contractual Stipulations in Imami Jurisprudence and Iranian Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Conventional Banking Designing and Formulating a legal Shariah Compliance Assessment Model in Islamic Banking; A Systemic Approach to Analyzing Structural-Operational Gaps [(Articles in Press)]
  • Convergence" Mechanism to Creat Convergence in the Process of Dealing with Bankruptcy in the Group of Copanies [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 71-94]
  • Cooperation" Mechanism to Creat Convergence in the Process of Dealing with Bankruptcy in the Group of Copanies [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 71-94]
  • Co-Regulation " Regulation of Privacy in Cyberspace: A Comparative Study in the Laws of the United States of America, the European Union and Iran [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 207-239]
  • Corporate Governance Enhancing the “Environmental Commitments” of Oil and Gas Contractors Through the Implementation of “Corporate Social Responsibility” [(Articles in Press)]
  • Corporate law The Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility Discourse: From Ethical Commitment to Legal Obligation in Light of the Analysis of Right and Interest [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 197-226]
  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Enhancing the “Environmental Commitments” of Oil and Gas Contractors Through the Implementation of “Corporate Social Responsibility” [(Articles in Press)]
  • Corporation A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Corruption Legal Dimensions of the Threshold for Establishing and Proving Corruption in International Investment Arbitration Cases [(Articles in Press)]
  • Covid-19 Civil Liability of the State for Abandoning People’s Vaccination against Corona Virus (Comparative Study of [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 131-157]
  • Creation of security right The Impact of the Production and Infrastructures Financing Law on Using of Digital Assets as Security [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 105-132]
  • Criminal Justice Act 2003 Criminal Finality and the Rule of Law An Economic–Institutional Analysis of Res Judicata in Iranian Criminal Law with a Comparative Study of English Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Criminal liability in financial transactions Depositing or Receiving Funds from an Account of a Person other than the party to the Transaction; an Instance of Money Laundering or Criminalization outside JurisdictionMoney laundering is a serious threat to a country's economic system, as it conceals the true source of assets derived from crime, disrupting financial transparency and causing economic instability. In this regard, depositing or receiving funds from third-party accounts in financial [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 133-156]
  • Criminal Politics The Model of Criminal Policy in Facing Political-Economic Corruption of the Oligarchic System [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Criminal res judicata Criminal Finality and the Rule of Law An Economic–Institutional Analysis of Res Judicata in Iranian Criminal Law with a Comparative Study of English Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Crisis Management International obligations of governments in managing the crisis caused by infectious diseases of children (with emphasis on the Gaza crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic) [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 11-50]
  • Crude Oil Legal Analysis of the Impact of the Guaranteed Outturn Clause on the Marine Insurance Policies of Oil Cargos [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 171-193]
  • Crypto Asset implementation of consumer protection on token offerings through the obligation to disclosure [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • Crypto Asset The Supervision and Regulation System of Cryptocurrencies after the Approval of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act [(Articles in Press)]
  • Crypto-Asset Institutional Efficiency of Crypto-Asset Exchanges Regulating in Iran: A Critique of the Central Bank-centric Model from a Law and Economics Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
  • Cryptocurrency Legal Dimensions of Telegram Games; A Case Study of the Hamster Kombat Game [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 165-200]
  • Cryptocurrency Taxation of Cryptocurrencies: A Comparative Study of Iran and Europe [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 171-202]
  • Crypto Currency The Supervision and Regulation System of Cryptocurrencies after the Approval of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act [(Articles in Press)]
  • Cryptocurrency Exchange Institutional Efficiency of Crypto-Asset Exchanges Regulating in Iran: A Critique of the Central Bank-centric Model from a Law and Economics Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
  • Crypto Tokens A Legal Introduction to Crypto Tokens ICO Through Blockchain Technology [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 125-156]
  • Currency Devaluation The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
D
  • Data The Importance and Legal Challenges of Data Pseudonymization: Considering the Principles of Personal Data Processing [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 71-100]
  • Data Processing Principles The Importance and Legal Challenges of Data Pseudonymization: Considering the Principles of Personal Data Processing [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 71-100]
  • Decentralized Regulation Decentralized Regulation of Cryptocurrency Exchanges in the Legal Systems of the EU, the US and Iran [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 225-254]
  • Deceptive Study of the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's triple prohibitions; With a comparative look at Iran's legal system [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 51-86]
  • Defects of will Comparison of Conditions and Effects of Mistake in the Contract between Iran's Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 173-206]
  • Delay Comparative Study of Nachfrist in the CISG and the Legal Systems of Iran, England, and France [(Articles in Press)]
  • Delayed Damages Critique of the Exemption of Bankrupt Debtors from Paying Delayed Damages [(Articles in Press)]
  • Delayed Payment Compensation The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
  • Delivery Comparative and Economic Analysis of Risk Transfer Point in General Property [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 201-233]
  • Depositors'؛ Rights Legal Requirements of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and the Central Bank Supervision in Protecting Depositors' Rights and Strengthening Public Confidence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 43-74]
  • Detection Detection of a crime The role of modern technologies in proving economic crimes [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 167-191]
  • Development A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Development Interdependence and the Expansion of Cooperation Foundations in the International Legal Order: An Explanation from the Perspective of Challenges [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 37-64]
  • Development Global Taxation: Concept and Assessment [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-102]
  • Digikala Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Digital Economy Evolution to Ex-ante Competition Law A Reflection on the New Rules for Dealing with Anti-Competitive Practices in Digital Platforms [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 255-289]
  • Digitalization, Digital liberalism, Free Circulation of Data, Digital Capitalism, Online Intermediaries' ImmunityA Comparative Analysis of the U.S. and EU Approaches to the Interaction Between Fundamental Rights and Digital Markets [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 141-170]
  • Digital Judicial Development Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Digital marketplace The Requirements of the Digital Marketplaces’ Agreements with Business Users from the Perspective of Inter-Platform Competition Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 95-125]
  • Disclosure Obligation implementation of consumer protection on token offerings through the obligation to disclosure [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • Distributed Ledger Feasibility of Fulfilling the Function of a Document of Title in Blockchain Bills of Lading [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 75-104]
  • Diya The jurisprudential nature of the ruling on equal Diya for crimes against religious minorities in the Islamic Penal Code [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 147-166]
  • Document Disclosure Disclosure of Documents in International Arbitration [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 169-196]
  • Document of Title Feasibility of Fulfilling the Function of a Document of Title in Blockchain Bills of Lading [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 75-104]
  • Duty of Disclosure Maritime Cyber Risk Insurance: Emerging Issues and Solutions [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 13-36]
E
  • Economic analysis Comparative and Economic Analysis of Risk Transfer Point in General Property [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 201-233]
  • Economic analysis of law Assessing the Efficiency of Collective Will Formation in Iranian Private Law: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 41-74]
  • Economic analysis of law Criminal Finality and the Rule of Law An Economic–Institutional Analysis of Res Judicata in Iranian Criminal Law with a Comparative Study of English Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Economic Corruption The Arbitral Panel's Approach to Countering Instances of Economic Corruption in International Commercial Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 41-70]
  • Economic Corruption Governance Gap in Iran's Banking System: A Critical Analysis of Banking Regulations from the Perspective of Transparency and Conflict-of-Interest Management [(Articles in Press)]
  • Economic Crime Supporting Constructive Victims in Economic Crimes [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 65-86]
  • Economic Crimes The role of modern technologies in proving economic crimes [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 167-191]
  • Economic efficiency compensate pure economic losses from the point of view of economic analysis of civil responsibility [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • Economic Growth Assessing the Efficiency of Collective Will Formation in Iranian Private Law: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 41-74]
  • Economic Law" The Comparative Study of the Institutional Structure of Financial Market Regulation in Iran and Selected Countries with Look to the New Law of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 73-108]
  • Economic Law" Editorial Note2 [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-2]
  • Economic Policy Makers Supporting Constructive Victims in Economic Crimes [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 65-86]
  • Economic Property Rights Restudying the Legal Structure of Economic Property Rights Based on Steiner’s Rights-Based Theory of Justice: From Negative Liberty to Historical Restitution [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 123-151]
  • Economics The Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility Discourse: From Ethical Commitment to Legal Obligation in Light of the Analysis of Right and Interest [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 197-226]
  • Economic security Analyzing Inherent Authority of the CEO in Joint-Stock Companies; Looking at French Law and Emphasizing Judicial Procedure [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 157-192]
  • Economic security Criminal Law Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Architectural and Engineering Works in Iranian Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 11-40]
  • Economic System Supporting Constructive Victims in Economic Crimes [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 65-86]
  • Economic theories of the company An Analysis about the Basis of the Theory of Shareholders as Company’s Owners [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 39-64]
  • Effective Mistake Comparison of Conditions and Effects of Mistake in the Contract between Iran's Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 173-206]
  • Effectiveness of security right The Impact of the Production and Infrastructures Financing Law on Using of Digital Assets as Security [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 105-132]
  • Effective ownership Transparency of Effective Ownership of Commercial Companies in Iranian and American law [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 91-114]
  • Efficiency Disclosure of Documents in International Arbitration [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 169-196]
  • Efficiency Assessing the Efficiency of Collective Will Formation in Iranian Private Law: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 41-74]
  • Efficiency Principle Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Efficient Productivity Efficient Productivity of Iran's Natural Gas Regarding Gas Consumption Optimization Policy and Establishment of the Sector Regulatory Institution " [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 161-187]
  • Electronic Bill of Lading Feasibility of Fulfilling the Function of a Document of Title in Blockchain Bills of Lading [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 75-104]
  • Electronic Justice Principles Governing Electronic Civil Procedure and Its Challenges [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 137-161]
  • Electronic person Legal status of Transactions Done by Artificial Intelligence: Virtual Lawyer Theory [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 41-68]
  • Endorser Liability A Comparative Study of the Impact of Private Agreements on the Rights of the Holder of a Negotiable Instrument under Iranian Law, the Geneva Convention, and Common Law [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 233-266]
  • Energy governance Extraction theory in the governance structure of Iran's oil industry with a comparative view [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 135-170]
  • Engineering Criminal Law Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Architectural and Engineering Works in Iranian law [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 11-40]
  • Enterprise Group" Mechanism to Creat Convergence in the Process of Dealing with Bankruptcy in the Group of Copanies [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 71-94]
  • Environmental Commitments Enhancing the “Environmental Commitments” of Oil and Gas Contractors Through the Implementation of “Corporate Social Responsibility” [(Articles in Press)]
  • EPC Contracts Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Equality Global Taxation: Concept and Assessment [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-102]
  • Equality of Diya The jurisprudential nature of the ruling on equal Diya for crimes against religious minorities in the Islamic Penal Code [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 147-166]
  • Equitable distribution of wealth Islamic Banking and Social Justice [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 159-186]
  • EU law Comparative Study of Unfair Terms in Banking Contracts in Iran and the European Union from the Perspective of Consumer Protection Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Evidence in substantiation The role of modern technologies in proving economic crimes [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 167-191]
  • Exclusion Clause Maritime Cyber Risk Insurance: Emerging Issues and Solutions [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 13-36]
  • Extraterritorial Sanctions Major Challenges in Applying Bilateral Investment Treaties to Compensate for Losses Caused by Extraterritorial Sanctions with Reference to the “Future Bank” Case [(Articles in Press)]
F
  • Factoring A Critical Legal Analysis of the Central Bank of Iran's Guideline and Procedure for the Acceptance of Contractual Claims (Factoring) [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 148-182]
  • Financial Governance Governance Gap in Iran's Banking System: A Critical Analysis of Banking Regulations from the Perspective of Transparency and Conflict-of-Interest Management [(Articles in Press)]
  • Financial Inclusion Islamic Banking and Social Justice [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 159-186]
  • Financial Market" The Comparative Study of the Institutional Structure of Financial Market Regulation in Iran and Selected Countries with Look to the New Law of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 73-108]
  • Financial Regulators Legal Challenges Facing Fintech Startups in Iran: A Study of the Approach of Leading Countries in the Field of Financial Technologies [(Articles in Press)]
  • Financial Technology Law Legal Challenges Facing Fintech Startups in Iran: A Study of the Approach of Leading Countries in the Field of Financial Technologies [(Articles in Press)]
  • Financing A Legal Introduction to Crypto Tokens ICO Through Blockchain Technology [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 125-156]
  • Fintech Legal Challenges Facing Fintech Startups in Iran: A Study of the Approach of Leading Countries in the Field of Financial Technologies [(Articles in Press)]
  • Foreign direct investment Analysis of the Legislative Limitations of Foreign Direct Investment in Iran and Its Effects on Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 265-294]
  • Foreign Investment The Possibility of Applying Protecting Standards in Portfolio Investments [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 11-44]
  • Freedom from Domination Frank Lovett's Theory on the Legal Recognition of Minorities; A Paradigm Revolution or a Critical Reading? [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-130]
G
  • Gap Analysis Designing and Formulating a legal Shariah Compliance Assessment Model in Islamic Banking; A Systemic Approach to Analyzing Structural-Operational Gaps [(Articles in Press)]
  • Gaza and COVID-19 International obligations of governments in managing the crisis caused by infectious diseases of children (with emphasis on the Gaza crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic) [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 11-50]
  • General Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution parative Study of the Nature of the Reassuring Message of the Competition Council [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 131-168]
  • General Policies of the System Governance Gap in Iran's Banking System: A Critical Analysis of Banking Regulations from the Perspective of Transparency and Conflict-of-Interest Management [(Articles in Press)]
  • Generative AI A Comparative Study on the Legal Challenges of Ownership of Inventions Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 193-223]
  • Global taxation Global Taxation: Concept and Assessment [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-102]
  • Good Governance Challenges of urban management in collecting national and local financial rights in the light of good governance principles [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 161-196]
  • Good Oilfield Practice (GOP) Clause Enhancing the “Environmental Commitments” of Oil and Gas Contractors Through the Implementation of “Corporate Social Responsibility” [(Articles in Press)]
  • Government Government Economic Policies in Light of Socio-Economic Rights Commitments: A Reflection on the Economic Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Governmental Extraction theory in the governance structure of Iran's oil industry with a comparative view [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 135-170]
  • Government Intervention The Impact of Government Intervention and the Monopoly on the Regulatory Performance of the Competition Council of Iran in the Car Production and Ride-Hailing Markets: A Legal-Economic Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 78-114]
  • Guarantee The Impact of the Production and Infrastructures Financing Law on Using of Digital Assets as Security [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 105-132]
  • Guaranteed Outturn Clause Legal Analysis of the Impact of the Guaranteed Outturn Clause on the Marine Insurance Policies of Oil Cargos [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 171-193]
H
  • Hamster Kombat Legal Dimensions of Telegram Games; A Case Study of the Hamster Kombat Game [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 165-200]
  • Historical Restitution Restudying the Legal Structure of Economic Property Rights Based on Steiner’s Rights-Based Theory of Justice: From Negative Liberty to Historical Restitution [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 123-151]
  • Holder A Comparative Study of the Impact of Private Agreements on the Rights of the Holder of a Negotiable Instrument under Iranian Law, the Geneva Convention, and Common Law [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 233-266]
  • Human development Paradigms of 'Law and Development': From Economic Engineering to Rights Inflation [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 115-147]
  • Human rights Government Economic Policies in Light of Socio-Economic Rights Commitments: A Reflection on the Economic Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 41-72]
I
  • ICO A Legal Introduction to Crypto Tokens ICO Through Blockchain Technology [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 125-156]
  • ICSID Legal Dimensions of the Threshold for Establishing and Proving Corruption in International Investment Arbitration Cases [(Articles in Press)]
  • Ijtima Amr and Nahi Ijtima Amr and Nahi in Usul Al Fiqh and Feasibility Study of Its Realization in Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Increase of Risk Maritime Cyber Risk Insurance: Emerging Issues and Solutions [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 13-36]
  • Independence The Effect of the Business Licensing Facilitation Law Approved in 2022 on the Nature of the Mission (Duties) of the Notary and Its Characteristics [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 73-102]
  • Independent Economic Value Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Indirect transfer of funds Depositing or Receiving Funds from an Account of a Person other than the party to the Transaction; an Instance of Money Laundering or Criminalization outside JurisdictionMoney laundering is a serious threat to a country's economic system, as it conceals the true source of assets derived from crime, disrupting financial transparency and causing economic instability. In this regard, depositing or receiving funds from third-party accounts in financial [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 133-156]
  • Industrial Property Criminal Law Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Architectural and Engineering Works in Iranian law [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 11-40]
  • Infectious Diseases International obligations of governments in managing the crisis caused by infectious diseases of children (with emphasis on the Gaza crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic) [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 11-50]
  • Inflation The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
  • Insolvency" Mechanism to Creat Convergence in the Process of Dealing with Bankruptcy in the Group of Copanies [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 71-94]
  • Instagram The legal causes and effects of termination in the Contracts for advertising in cyberspace [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 127-160]
  • Institute Bulk Oil Clauses All Risks Legal Analysis of the Impact of the Guaranteed Outturn Clause on the Marine Insurance Policies of Oil Cargos [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 171-193]
  • Institutional Structure of Financial Regulation" The Comparative Study of the Institutional Structure of Financial Market Regulation in Iran and Selected Countries with Look to the New Law of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 73-108]
  • Insurance policy Legal Analysis of the Impact of the Guaranteed Outturn Clause on the Marine Insurance Policies of Oil Cargos [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 171-193]
  • Intangible property The Impact of the Production and Infrastructures Financing Law on Using of Digital Assets as Security [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 105-132]
  • Intellectual Property Law A Comparative Study on the Legal Challenges of Ownership of Inventions Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 193-223]
  • Intellectual Property Law Comparative study on the methods of protection of the right to repair [(Articles in Press)]
  • Intentional breach A comparative study on the effect of "intentional breach" of contract on the possibility of termination of contract [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-71]
  • International ‎Arbitration Disclosure of Documents in International Arbitration [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 169-196]
  • International Commercial Arbitration The Digital Revolution in International Commercial Arbitration: Investigating Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 153-191]
  • International Commercial Arbitration The Arbitral Panel's Approach to Countering Instances of Economic Corruption in International Commercial Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 41-70]
  • International Commercial Contract The Arbitral Panel's Approach to Countering Instances of Economic Corruption in International Commercial Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 41-70]
  • International cooperation Interdependence and the Expansion of Cooperation Foundations in the International Legal Order: An Explanation from the Perspective of Challenges [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 37-64]
  • International Covenant on Economic Government Economic Policies in Light of Socio-Economic Rights Commitments: A Reflection on the Economic Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • International Investment Law The Application of the Articles on State Responsibility and the Emergence of a Subsystem of Responsibility in Investor–State Treaty Arbitration: Rethinking Admissibility of Claims [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 157-185]
  • International Markets Lex Mercatoria: Market-Oriented Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 291-318]
  • International Public Order Major Challenges in Applying Bilateral Investment Treaties to Compensate for Losses Caused by Extraterritorial Sanctions with Reference to the “Future Bank” Case [(Articles in Press)]
  • International Standards Legal Requirements of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and the Central Bank Supervision in Protecting Depositors' Rights and Strengthening Public Confidence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 43-74]
  • International Trade Law Lex Mercatoria: Market-Oriented Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 291-318]
  • Inter-platform competition The Requirements of the Digital Marketplaces’ Agreements with Business Users from the Perspective of Inter-Platform Competition Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 95-125]
  • Intersubjective Value The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Intrinsic Value The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Investment Content and Disclosure Requirements for Utility Token Whitepapers under Iran’s Securities Law and Market in crypto-asset EU [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 109-151]
  • Investment Arbitration Legal Dimensions of the Threshold for Establishing and Proving Corruption in International Investment Arbitration Cases [(Articles in Press)]
  • Investor-State Disputes The Application of the Articles on State Responsibility and the Emergence of a Subsystem of Responsibility in Investor–State Treaty Arbitration: Rethinking Admissibility of Claims [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 157-185]
  • Ipso Facto Termination Conflicting Transactions with Contractual Stipulations in Imami Jurisprudence and Iranian Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Iran Gold and Currency Exchange Center A Critical Review of Central Bank Regulation over Banking Service Providers: Case Study of Iran Informatics Services Corporation, Shaparak, and the Iran Currency and Gold Exchange Center [(Articles in Press)]
  • Iranian law Analysis of the Legislative Limitations of Foreign Direct Investment in Iran and Its Effects on Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 265-294]
  • Iranian law Comparative Study of Unfair Terms in Banking Contracts in Iran and the European Union from the Perspective of Consumer Protection Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Iranian oil A Comparative Legal Analysis of Unilateral U.S. Sanctions on the International Oil Trade of Iran and Russia [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 203-235]
  • Islamic Banking Islamic Banking and Social Justice [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 159-186]
  • Islamic Banking Designing and Formulating a legal Shariah Compliance Assessment Model in Islamic Banking; A Systemic Approach to Analyzing Structural-Operational Gaps [(Articles in Press)]
  • Issuance of an executive order against the guarantor Feasibility Assessment of A Claim for Payment by the Guarantor Against the Recipient of Bank Loans Following the Issuance of an Execurive Order Against the Guarantor [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 139-165]
J
  • Joint Ownership Explaining the Nature and Attributes of the Commutative Partnership Contracts [(Articles in Press)]
  • Judicial Efficiency Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Jurisdictions Legal Challenges Facing Fintech Startups in Iran: A Study of the Approach of Leading Countries in the Field of Financial Technologies [(Articles in Press)]
  • Jurisprudence (Fiqh) A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Justice Indicators Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
K
  • Keywords: Economic policies Government Economic Policies in Light of Socio-Economic Rights Commitments: A Reflection on the Economic Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Know-how Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
L
  • Law A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Law and Development Paradigms of 'Law and Development': From Economic Engineering to Rights Inflation [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 115-147]
  • Law and Development Movement Paradigms of 'Law and Development': From Economic Engineering to Rights Inflation [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 115-147]
  • Law and Economics Status and Application of Behavioral Economics in Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 117-148]
  • Law and Economics Institutional Efficiency of Crypto-Asset Exchanges Regulating in Iran: A Critique of the Central Bank-centric Model from a Law and Economics Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
  • Law and Economics Public Policy Based on the Theory of Rights: With an Emphasis on Economic Policy [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 235-265]
  • Leadership The jurisprudential nature of the ruling on equal Diya for crimes against religious minorities in the Islamic Penal Code [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 147-166]
  • Legal Impediment Conflicting Transactions with Contractual Stipulations in Imami Jurisprudence and Iranian Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Legal independence The Legal Nature of the Central Bank In Iran's Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Legal Recognition of Minorities Frank Lovett's Theory on the Legal Recognition of Minorities; A Paradigm Revolution or a Critical Reading? [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-130]
  • Legal System of Development Paradigms of 'Law and Development': From Economic Engineering to Rights Inflation [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 115-147]
  • Legal Systems Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Legislative Safeguards A Comparative Analysis of "Planned Obsolescence" as an Unfair Commercial ‎Practice: Subject Lessons for Iran's Legal System [(Articles in Press)]
  • Lex Mercatoria Lex Mercatoria: Market-Oriented Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 291-318]
  • Life Insurance Directive Identifying the Conflict of Laws Rules on the Governing Law of International Insurance Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 103-130]
  • Lloyd’s Marine Policy Legal Analysis of the Impact of the Guaranteed Outturn Clause on the Marine Insurance Policies of Oil Cargos [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 171-193]
M
  • Machine Learning A Comparative Study on the Legal Challenges of Ownership of Inventions Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 193-223]
  • Marine Cyber Risk Maritime Cyber Risk Insurance: Emerging Issues and Solutions [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 13-36]
  • Market The Legal Role of Market Regulatory Institutions in Light of Economic Regulatory Tools [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-218]
  • Market Evolution to Ex-ante Competition Law A Reflection on the New Rules for Dealing with Anti-Competitive Practices in Digital Platforms [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 255-289]
  • Market Failure Theory of Banking Regulation based on Macroprudential Policy [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 97-124]
  • Market in crypto-asset EU Content and Disclosure Requirements for Utility Token Whitepapers under Iran’s Securities Law and Market in crypto-asset EU [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 109-151]
  • Marketplace Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Market Regulation The Legal Role of Market Regulatory Institutions in Light of Economic Regulatory Tools [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-218]
  • Material breach A comparative study on the effect of "intentional breach" of contract on the possibility of termination of contract [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-71]
  • Merchants Lex Mercatoria: Market-Oriented Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 291-318]
  • Microcredits Islamic Banking and Social Justice [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 159-186]
  • Mistaken Terms Comparison of Conditions and Effects of Mistake in the Contract between Iran's Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 173-206]
  • Mixed Value The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Modern IT technologies The role of modern technologies in proving economic crimes [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 167-191]
  • Modern Judicial Management Principles Governing Electronic Civil Procedure and Its Challenges [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 137-161]
  • Monetary Value Legal Dimensions of Telegram Games; A Case Study of the Hamster Kombat Game [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 165-200]
  • Money laundering Depositing or Receiving Funds from an Account of a Person other than the party to the Transaction; an Instance of Money Laundering or Criminalization outside JurisdictionMoney laundering is a serious threat to a country's economic system, as it conceals the true source of assets derived from crime, disrupting financial transparency and causing economic instability. In this regard, depositing or receiving funds from third-party accounts in financial [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 133-156]
  • Money Market" The Comparative Study of the Institutional Structure of Financial Market Regulation in Iran and Selected Countries with Look to the New Law of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 73-108]
  • Monthly Index The Correct Index Used in Calculating Late Payment Damages (Annual or Yearly Avarage) [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 11-42]
  • Mortgage The Impact of the Production and Infrastructures Financing Law on Using of Digital Assets as Security [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 105-132]
  • Most Favored Nation Treatment Principle The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • Multiculturalism Frank Lovett's Theory on the Legal Recognition of Minorities; A Paradigm Revolution or a Critical Reading? [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-130]
  • Multilateral Negotiations The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • Mutual consent A Comparative Study of the Impact of Private Agreements on the Rights of the Holder of a Negotiable Instrument under Iranian Law, the Geneva Convention, and Common Law [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 233-266]
N
  • National Informatics Company A Critical Review of Central Bank Regulation over Banking Service Providers: Case Study of Iran Informatics Services Corporation, Shaparak, and the Iran Currency and Gold Exchange Center [(Articles in Press)]
  • National Legal Systems Lex Mercatoria: Market-Oriented Legal System [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 291-318]
  • National Security Exception Major Challenges in Applying Bilateral Investment Treaties to Compensate for Losses Caused by Extraterritorial Sanctions with Reference to the “Future Bank” Case [(Articles in Press)]
  • Nature of conditions The Analysis of Validity of Supplementary Conditions (addendum) to the Contract, in Iranian Law and Imāmiyya Fiqh [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 107-137]
  • Nature of Money The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Negative Liberty Restudying the Legal Structure of Economic Property Rights Based on Steiner’s Rights-Based Theory of Justice: From Negative Liberty to Historical Restitution [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 123-151]
  • New Hearing Principles Governing Electronic Civil Procedure and Its Challenges [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 137-161]
  • New Technologies Law A Comparative Study on the Legal Challenges of Ownership of Inventions Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 193-223]
  • Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Non-Life Insurance Directives Identifying the Conflict of Laws Rules on the Governing Law of International Insurance Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 103-130]
  • Non-Muslims Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • Non-Performing Loans Governance Gap in Iran's Banking System: A Critical Analysis of Banking Regulations from the Perspective of Transparency and Conflict-of-Interest Management [(Articles in Press)]
  • Notification of assignment A Critical Legal Analysis of the Central Bank of Iran's Guideline and Procedure for the Acceptance of Contractual Claims (Factoring) [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 148-182]
O
  • Obligations Ijtima Amr and Nahi in Usul Al Fiqh and Feasibility Study of Its Realization in Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Obligation to payment of the debt Feasibility Assessment of A Claim for Payment by the Guarantor Against the Recipient of Bank Loans Following the Issuance of an Execurive Order Against the Guarantor [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 139-165]
  • Off-Chain Smart Contracts' Arbitration: Legal Challenges of On-Chain and Off-Chain Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 87-116]
  • Official mogul The Model of Criminal Policy in Facing Political-Economic Corruption of the Oligarchic System [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Oil and Gas Industry Enhancing the “Environmental Commitments” of Oil and Gas Contractors Through the Implementation of “Corporate Social Responsibility” [(Articles in Press)]
  • Oil trade A Comparative Legal Analysis of Unilateral U.S. Sanctions on the International Oil Trade of Iran and Russia [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 203-235]
  • Oligarchy The Model of Criminal Policy in Facing Political-Economic Corruption of the Oligarchic System [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • On-Chain Smart Contracts' Arbitration: Legal Challenges of On-Chain and Off-Chain Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 87-116]
  • Online Dispute Resolution Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Option (Khiar) Evaluation of Smart Contracts Dissolution due to Termination with Statutory Options [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 65-92]
  • Organization-Centered Approach A Reflection on the Concept of Transformation in Iranian Registration System in Light of a Shift in Approach to Registration Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Organization for Registration of Deeds and Real Estate A Reflection on the Concept of Transformation in Iranian Registration System in Light of a Shift in Approach to Registration Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Ownership Right An Analysis about the Basis of the Theory of Shareholders as Company’s Owners [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 39-64]
P
  • Pacta Sunt Servanda Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • Pacta Sunt Servanda Ijtima Amr and Nahi in Usul Al Fiqh and Feasibility Study of Its Realization in Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Participatory governance Legal Challenges in Implementing the Public-Private-People Partnership Model with an Emphasis on the Role of People [(Articles in Press)]
  • Patent Law A Comparative Study on the Legal Challenges of Ownership of Inventions Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 193-223]
  • Payment instruction A Critical Legal Analysis of the Central Bank of Iran's Guideline and Procedure for the Acceptance of Contractual Claims (Factoring) [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 148-182]
  • Permissive Partnership Explaining the Nature and Attributes of the Commutative Partnership Contracts [(Articles in Press)]
  • Personal Data The Importance and Legal Challenges of Data Pseudonymization: Considering the Principles of Personal Data Processing [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 71-100]
  • Petrella The Role of Laches, Equitable Estoppel and Statute of Limitations in Patent Infringement Litigation under U.S Law: Lessons for Iranian Law [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 288-294]
  • Petrochemical industry Analyzing the Pricing Policies of the Petrochemical Industry Feed in Iran [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 11-38]
  • Pilot Regime Decentralized Regulation of Cryptocurrency Exchanges in the Legal Systems of the EU, the US and Iran [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 225-254]
  • Platform Governance Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Platform markets The Requirements of the Digital Marketplaces’ Agreements with Business Users from the Perspective of Inter-Platform Competition Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 95-125]
  • Platform terms of use The Requirements of the Digital Marketplaces’ Agreements with Business Users from the Perspective of Inter-Platform Competition Law [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 95-125]
  • Pledge Collateralization of Securities: Legal Analysis in the Iranian Banking System [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 115-141]
  • Policy Making The Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility Discourse: From Ethical Commitment to Legal Obligation in Light of the Analysis of Right and Interest [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 197-226]
  • Political Corruption The Model of Criminal Policy in Facing Political-Economic Corruption of the Oligarchic System [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Polytheists Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • Portfolio investment The Possibility of Applying Protecting Standards in Portfolio Investments [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 11-44]
  • Presumption of Innocence Principles of Fair Hearing in Proceedings Concerning Violations by Regulated Persons Before the Disciplinary Boards of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 29-62]
  • Prevention of Anti-Competitive Practices parative Study of the Nature of the Reassuring Message of the Competition Council [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 131-168]
  • Principle of Equality of Creditors Critique of the Exemption of Bankrupt Debtors from Paying Delayed Damages [(Articles in Press)]
  • Privacy The Importance and Legal Challenges of Data Pseudonymization: Considering the Principles of Personal Data Processing [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 71-100]
  • Privacy Transparency of Effective Ownership of Commercial Companies in Iranian and American law [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 91-114]
  • Privacy Legal Challenges in Implementing the Public-Private-People Partnership Model with an Emphasis on the Role of People [(Articles in Press)]
  • Privatization Extraction theory in the governance structure of Iran's oil industry with a comparative view [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 135-170]
  • Process-Based Approach A Reflection on the Concept of Transformation in Iranian Registration System in Light of a Shift in Approach to Registration Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Profit and Loss Sharing Islamic Banking and Social Justice [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 159-186]
  • Programmer" The Challenges Facing the Human-Centered Copyright Regime with the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 11-40]
  • Project Efficiency Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Project Management Comparative Analysis of Risk Allocation and Dispute Resolution in EPC Contracts and Their Impact on Project Efficiency: A Study in Iranian, French, English, and American Law [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 153-192]
  • Property Rights Public Policy Based on the Theory of Rights: With an Emphasis on Economic Policy [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 235-265]
  • Protecting the rights of third parties Analyzing Inherent Authority of the CEO in Joint-Stock Companies; Looking at French Law and Emphasizing Judicial Procedure [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 157-192]
  • Protection of foreign investment The Possibility of Applying Protecting Standards in Portfolio Investments [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 11-44]
  • Pseudonymization The Importance and Legal Challenges of Data Pseudonymization: Considering the Principles of Personal Data Processing [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 71-100]
  • Public Policy Public Policy Based on the Theory of Rights: With an Emphasis on Economic Policy [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 235-265]
  • Public-Private-People Partnership Model Legal Challenges in Implementing the Public-Private-People Partnership Model with an Emphasis on the Role of People [(Articles in Press)]
  • Public Trust Legal Requirements of the Capital Adequacy Ratio and the Central Bank Supervision in Protecting Depositors' Rights and Strengthening Public Confidence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 43-74]
R
  • Rational Behavior Status and Application of Behavioral Economics in Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 117-148]
  • Reassuring Message parative Study of the Nature of the Reassuring Message of the Competition Council [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 131-168]
  • Recognition Frank Lovett's Theory on the Legal Recognition of Minorities; A Paradigm Revolution or a Critical Reading? [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-130]
  • Reform of the Registration System A Reflection on the Concept of Transformation in Iranian Registration System in Light of a Shift in Approach to Registration Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Regulation Decentralized Regulation of Cryptocurrency Exchanges in the Legal Systems of the EU, the US and Iran [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 225-254]
  • Regulation Institutional Efficiency of Crypto-Asset Exchanges Regulating in Iran: A Critique of the Central Bank-centric Model from a Law and Economics Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
  • Regulation The Supervision and Regulation System of Cryptocurrencies after the Approval of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran Act [(Articles in Press)]
  • Regulations Principles of Fair Hearing in Proceedings Concerning Violations by Regulated Persons Before the Disciplinary Boards of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 29-62]
  • Regulatory Theories The Legal Role of Market Regulatory Institutions in Light of Economic Regulatory Tools [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-218]
  • Regulatory Tools The Legal Role of Market Regulatory Institutions in Light of Economic Regulatory Tools [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-218]
  • Relation between condition and contract The Analysis of Validity of Supplementary Conditions (addendum) to the Contract, in Iranian Law and Imāmiyya Fiqh [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 107-137]
  • Religious minorities The jurisprudential nature of the ruling on equal Diya for crimes against religious minorities in the Islamic Penal Code [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 147-166]
  • Remedy A comparative study on the effect of "intentional breach" of contract on the possibility of termination of contract [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-71]
  • Request to Produce Documents Disclosure of Documents in International Arbitration [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 169-196]
  • Responsibility The Socio-economic Consequences and Effects of Compensation Culture [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 117-145]
  • Restructuring of the Registration System A Reflection on the Concept of Transformation in Iranian Registration System in Light of a Shift in Approach to Registration Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Revocable contract Explaining the Nature and Attributes of the Commutative Partnership Contracts [(Articles in Press)]
  • Rights-Based Justice Restudying the Legal Structure of Economic Property Rights Based on Steiner’s Rights-Based Theory of Justice: From Negative Liberty to Historical Restitution [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 123-151]
  • Rights of the Accused Principles of Fair Hearing in Proceedings Concerning Violations by Regulated Persons Before the Disciplinary Boards of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 29-62]
  • Right to Repair A Comparative Analysis of "Planned Obsolescence" as an Unfair Commercial ‎Practice: Subject Lessons for Iran's Legal System [(Articles in Press)]
  • Right to Repair Comparative study on the methods of protection of the right to repair [(Articles in Press)]
  • Risk Assessment The Socio-economic Consequences and Effects of Compensation Culture [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 117-145]
  • Risk Assessment' Recognition and Application of the “Precautionary Principle” in Regulating International Commercial Relations between States and Business Companies [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 223-261]
  • Robotic justice The Digital Revolution in International Commercial Arbitration: Investigating Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 153-191]
  • Robot Law Legal status of Transactions Done by Artificial Intelligence: Virtual Lawyer Theory [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 41-68]
  • Rome I Regulation Identifying the Conflict of Laws Rules on the Governing Law of International Insurance Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 103-130]
  • Russian oil A Comparative Legal Analysis of Unilateral U.S. Sanctions on the International Oil Trade of Iran and Russia [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 203-235]
S
  • Sale of debt A Critical Legal Analysis of the Central Bank of Iran's Guideline and Procedure for the Acceptance of Contractual Claims (Factoring) [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 148-182]
  • Saving Certificates Efficient Productivity of Iran's Natural Gas Regarding Gas Consumption Optimization Policy and Establishment of the Sector Regulatory Institution " [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 161-187]
  • Sayyad system The essence of the unregistered cheque in the Sayyad system and the possibility of filing a lawsuit to require registration [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 193-216]
  • SCA The Role of Laches, Equitable Estoppel and Statute of Limitations in Patent Infringement Litigation under U.S Law: Lessons for Iranian Law [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 288-294]
  • Sector Regulator Institution Efficient Productivity of Iran's Natural Gas Regarding Gas Consumption Optimization Policy and Establishment of the Sector Regulatory Institution " [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 161-187]
  • Securities The Possibility of Applying Protecting Standards in Portfolio Investments [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 11-44]
  • Securities Collateralization of Securities: Legal Analysis in the Iranian Banking System [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 115-141]
  • Securities Market Collateralization of Securities: Legal Analysis in the Iranian Banking System [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 115-141]
  • Security Council Suppression of Terrorist Acts through Economic Sanctions of the United Nations [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 149-172]
  • Security Token A Legal Introduction to Crypto Tokens ICO Through Blockchain Technology [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 125-156]
  • Seller Defective product liability on marketplace platforms: A comparative study on Amazon and DigiKala [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 103-135]
  • Sever breach A comparative study on the effect of "intentional breach" of contract on the possibility of termination of contract [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-71]
  • Shaparak (Payment Gateway) A Critical Review of Central Bank Regulation over Banking Service Providers: Case Study of Iran Informatics Services Corporation, Shaparak, and the Iran Currency and Gold Exchange Center [(Articles in Press)]
  • Shareholders’ Interests Priority An Analysis about the Basis of the Theory of Shareholders as Company’s Owners [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 39-64]
  • Shariah Compliance Designing and Formulating a legal Shariah Compliance Assessment Model in Islamic Banking; A Systemic Approach to Analyzing Structural-Operational Gaps [(Articles in Press)]
  • Silent Insurance Coverage Maritime Cyber Risk Insurance: Emerging Issues and Solutions [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 13-36]
  • Smart contract Smart Contracts' Arbitration: Legal Challenges of On-Chain and Off-Chain Dispute Resolution [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 87-116]
  • Smart contract Evaluation of Smart Contracts Dissolution due to Termination with Statutory Options [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 65-92]
  • Social and Cultural Rights Government Economic Policies in Light of Socio-Economic Rights Commitments: A Reflection on the Economic Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 41-72]
  • Specific Legal Requirements Feasibility of Fulfilling the Function of a Document of Title in Blockchain Bills of Lading [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 75-104]
  • Stakeholders The Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility Discourse: From Ethical Commitment to Legal Obligation in Light of the Analysis of Right and Interest [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 197-226]
  • Standard of Proof Legal Dimensions of the Threshold for Establishing and Proving Corruption in International Investment Arbitration Cases [(Articles in Press)]
  • State The Legal Role of Market Regulatory Institutions in Light of Economic Regulatory Tools [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-218]
  • State Court Practices Identifying the Conflict of Laws Rules on the Governing Law of International Insurance Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 103-130]
  • State Responsibility The Application of the Articles on State Responsibility and the Emergence of a Subsystem of Responsibility in Investor–State Treaty Arbitration: Rethinking Admissibility of Claims [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 157-185]
  • State&rsquo Civil Liability of the State for Abandoning People’s Vaccination against Corona Virus (Comparative Study of [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 131-157]
  • Statutory Value The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Steiner Restudying the Legal Structure of Economic Property Rights Based on Steiner’s Rights-Based Theory of Justice: From Negative Liberty to Historical Restitution [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 123-151]
  • Stock Company Analyzing Inherent Authority of the CEO in Joint-Stock Companies; Looking at French Law and Emphasizing Judicial Procedure [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 157-192]
  • Supplementary Conditions The Analysis of Validity of Supplementary Conditions (addendum) to the Contract, in Iranian Law and Imāmiyya Fiqh [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 107-137]
  • Suspended Status Conflicting Transactions with Contractual Stipulations in Imami Jurisprudence and Iranian Law [(Articles in Press)]
T
  • Ta’aroz (Conflict) Ijtima Amr and Nahi in Usul Al Fiqh and Feasibility Study of Its Realization in Contracts [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 11-40]
  • Tax Evasion Taxation of Cryptocurrencies: A Comparative Study of Iran and Europe [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 171-202]
  • Tax Policy Taxation of Cryptocurrencies: A Comparative Study of Iran and Europe [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 171-202]
  • Tax Reporting Taxation of Cryptocurrencies: A Comparative Study of Iran and Europe [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 171-202]
  • Telegram Games Legal Dimensions of Telegram Games; A Case Study of the Hamster Kombat Game [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 165-200]
  • Termination Comparative Study of Nachfrist in the CISG and the Legal Systems of Iran, England, and France [(Articles in Press)]
  • Termination Evaluation of Smart Contracts Dissolution due to Termination with Statutory Options [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 65-92]
  • Terrorism Suppression of Terrorist Acts through Economic Sanctions of the United Nations [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 149-172]
  • Theory of Right Public Policy Based on the Theory of Rights: With an Emphasis on Economic Policy [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 235-265]
  • The Principles of International Commercial Contracts Comparison of Conditions and Effects of Mistake in the Contract between Iran's Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 173-206]
  • The right of contractual and legal terminations The Status of the Transferee's Possessions at the Time of the Transferor's Right of Termination in Islamic Law [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 69-96]
  • The State Theory of Money The Impact of the Nature of Money on its Legal Rulings [Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 45-77]
  • Thomas Piketty Global Taxation: Concept and Assessment [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-102]
  • Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) A Comparative Study of Trade Etiquette (Adab al-Tijarah) in Islamic Jurisprudence and Business Ethics of Successful Companies: A Solution for Sustainable Trade Development [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 101-139]
  • Trader Critique of the Exemption of Bankrupt Debtors from Paying Delayed Damages [(Articles in Press)]
  • Trader Bot Legal status of Transactions Done by Artificial Intelligence: Virtual Lawyer Theory [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 41-68]
  • Trade Secrets Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Trade war The Splendor of International Economic Law on the Three Tools of Trade War: A Reflection on the Confrontation between China and the United States [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 261-287]
  • Transactional Costs Assessing the Efficiency of Collective Will Formation in Iranian Private Law: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 41-74]
  • Transaction by Conduct Examining the Possibility of Exercising the Right of Option in Transaction by Conduct [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-122]
  • Transfer of Ownership Comparative and Economic Analysis of Risk Transfer Point in General Property [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 201-233]
  • Transfer Point Comparative and Economic Analysis of Risk Transfer Point in General Property [Volume 3, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 201-233]
  • Transparency Content and Disclosure Requirements for Utility Token Whitepapers under Iran’s Securities Law and Market in crypto-asset EU [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 109-151]
  • Transparency Algorithmic Arbitration and Digital Judicial Development: The Future of Dispute Resolution in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 186-222]
  • Transparency Legal Challenges in Implementing the Public-Private-People Partnership Model with an Emphasis on the Role of People [(Articles in Press)]
  • Treaty Pacta Sunt Servanda in Contract with Non-Muslim (A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iran's Law) [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 77-106]
  • TRIPs Agreement The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • TRIPs-Plus Agreements The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
U
  • Unauthorized financial intermediation Depositing or Receiving Funds from an Account of a Person other than the party to the Transaction; an Instance of Money Laundering or Criminalization outside JurisdictionMoney laundering is a serious threat to a country's economic system, as it conceals the true source of assets derived from crime, disrupting financial transparency and causing economic instability. In this regard, depositing or receiving funds from third-party accounts in financial [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 133-156]
  • UNCITRAL Model Law" Mechanism to Creat Convergence in the Process of Dealing with Bankruptcy in the Group of Copanies [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 71-94]
  • Unfair Study of the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's triple prohibitions; With a comparative look at Iran's legal system [Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 51-86]
  • Unfair terms Comparative Study of Unfair Terms in Banking Contracts in Iran and the European Union from the Perspective of Consumer Protection Law [(Articles in Press)]
  • Unidroit Comparison of Conditions and Effects of Mistake in the Contract between Iran's Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 173-206]
  • Unilateral Actions The Process of Rule Making in International Intellectual Property Law (A Cycle of Unilateral, Bilateral, Collective and Multilateral Actions [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-116]
  • Unilateral sanctions A Comparative Legal Analysis of Unilateral U.S. Sanctions on the International Oil Trade of Iran and Russia [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 203-235]
  • Unilateral transaction by conduct Examining the Possibility of Exercising the Right of Option in Transaction by Conduct [Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-122]
  • United Nations Suppression of Terrorist Acts through Economic Sanctions of the United Nations [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 149-172]
  • Urban management Challenges of urban management in collecting national and local financial rights in the light of good governance principles [Volume 1, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 161-196]
  • USA The Splendor of International Economic Law on the Three Tools of Trade War: A Reflection on the Confrontation between China and the United States [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 261-287]
  • User" The Challenges Facing the Human-Centered Copyright Regime with the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 11-40]
  • U.S. sanctions A Comparative Legal Analysis of Unilateral U.S. Sanctions on the International Oil Trade of Iran and Russia [Volume 4, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 203-235]
V
  • Value Failures Evaluating Economic Value in Trade Secret Law: Interpretations and Criteria [(Articles in Press)]
  • Victimology Supporting Constructive Victims in Economic Crimes [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 65-86]
  • Virtual lawyer Legal status of Transactions Done by Artificial Intelligence: Virtual Lawyer Theory [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 41-68]
  • Virtual Proceedings Principles Governing Electronic Civil Procedure and Its Challenges [Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 137-161]
W
  • Whitepaper implementation of consumer protection on token offerings through the obligation to disclosure [Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 11-39]
  • Work" The Challenges Facing the Human-Centered Copyright Regime with the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence [Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 11-40]