نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)

چکیده

در حقوق شرکت‌های تجارتی یکی از بنیادی‌ترین پرسش‌ها این است که شرکت باید در راستای منافع چه شخص یا اشخاصی اداره شود؟ نظریه سهامدارمحوری نوین در پاسخ به پرسش فوق بیان می‌دارد که شرکت باید در راستای حداکثر کردن ارزش سهام سهامداران از طریق توجه به منافع تمام ذی‌نفعان شرکت اداره شود و این بهترین وسیله برای تضمین موفقیت شرکت است. این مقاله با رویکردی توصیفی و تحلیلی نظریه اخیر را با مطالعه تطبیقی در حقوق شرکت‌های انگلستان موردبررسی قرار داده است. نتایج مقاله نشان می‌دهد که حقوق شرکت‌های تجارتی ایران با توجه شخصیت حقوقی مستقل شرکت، نظریه سازمانی بودن شرکت و اینکه وظیفه مدیران در قبال شرکت است و نه شرکا قابلیت تحلیل بر اساس نظریه فوق را داشته لذا از طریق پذیرش آن می‌توان یک تعادل معنادار بین منافع سهامداران و ذی‌نفعان برقرار کرد. مهم‌ترین مانع جهت کارایی کامل نظریه فوق در حقوق شرکت‌های تجارتی ایران ابهام در مفهوم ذی‌نفع و تفسیر مضیق آن از جانب محاکم حقوقی است که در این خصوص پیشنهاد‌هایی ارائه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The theory of «Enlightened Shareholder Value» in commercial companies law

نویسندگان [English]

  • mostafa kooshki 1
  • laya joneidi 2

1 Ph.D., Faculty of Law & Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Law & Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In the law of commercial companies, one of the most fundamental questions is that the company should be run for the benefit of which person or persons? In response to the above question, the enlightened Shareholder Value theory states that the company should be managed in order to maximize the value of the shareholders' shares by paying attention to the interests of all the stakeholders of the company, and this is the best means to ensure the success of the company. With a descriptive and analytical approach, this article has examined the recent theory with a comparative study in English company law. The results of the article show that the laws of Iranian commercial companies are based on the independent legal personality of the company, the organizational theory of the company and that the duty of the managers is towards the company and not the partners, has the ability to analyze based on the above theory. Therefore, by accepting this theory, a meaningful balance can be established between the interests of shareholders and stakeholders. The most important obstacle to the full effectiveness of the above theory in the law of Iranian commercial companies is the ambiguity in the concept of beneficiary and its narrow interpretation by legal courts, which solutions have been presented in this regard

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Business Company
  • the enlightened Shareholder Value
  • company stakeholders
  • best interests of the company
  • organizational theory of the company
  1. کتاب‌

    1. اسکینی، ربیعا، حقوق تجارت؛ شرکت‌های تجاری، جلد 1، انتشارات سمت، چاپ اول، 1375.
    2. پاسبان، محمدرضا، حقوق شرکت‌های تجاری، چاپ 1، انتشارات سمت، 1385.
    3. حقانی، سعید، شناسایی و مقابله با تقلب شرکا در تصمیم‌سازی مجامع عمومی شرکت‌های تجاری، چاپ 2، انتشارات گنج دانش، 1398.
    4. ستوده تهرانی، حسن، حقوق تجارت، جلد 2، چاپ 14، نشر دادگستر، 1388.
    5. صادقی نشاط، امیر، حقوق تجارت برای مدیران، چاپ 1، انتشارات میزان، 1392.
    6. صقری، محمد، حقوق بازرگانی؛ شرکت‌ها، جلد 1 و 2، چاپ 1، انتشارات سهامی انتشار، 1393.
    7. طباطبائی حصاری، نسرین و سروش صفی‌زاده، نظام ثبت شرکت‌های تجاری در آینه حق دسترسی به اطلاعات، چاپ 2، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 1401.
    8. طوسی، عباس، تحلیل اقتصادی حقوق شرکت‌ها، چاپ 1، انتشارات شهر دانش، 1393.
    9. کاویانی، کورش، حقوق شرکت‌های تجارتی، چاپ 4، انتشارات میزان، 1393.

    مقاله

    1. ایزانلو، محسن و صادق شریعتی نسب، مطالعه تطبیقی «عدم قابلیت استناد» در حقوق ایران و فرانسه، نشریه حقوق خصوصی، پاییز و زمستان 1391، دوره 9 ، شماره 2 (پیاپی 21)، صص 35 -66 .
    2. صادقیان ندوشن مهرداد و محمود باقری، تعارض منافع ذی‌نفعان شرکت‌ها و راهکارهای حل آن، پژوهش‌های حقوق تطبیقی، ۱۳۹۵، دوره ۲۰، شماره ۳، صص۱۶۳-۱۳۶.
    3. عیسائی تفرشی محمد، رمضانی آکِردی حبیب و حمیدرضا عباسی منش، ارتقای موفقیت شرکت؛ وظیفه‌ای برای مدیران (مطالعه در حقوق انگلیس و ایران)، پژوهش‌های حقوق تطبیقی، 1394، دوره 19، شماره 4، صص148-123.

     

     

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